GLOBAL EXPORT OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD PRODUCTS

Abstract

The article examines the dynamics of world trade in agricultural and food products, identifies commodity groups and specific names of food products with the highest export value, and provides an up-to-date rating of the main exporting countries of agricultural products with detailed commodity structure of their sales on the global market. Since 2000, revenues from global food trade have increased almost fivefold. The largest sales value traditionally consist of meat products, fruits and berries, cereals, alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, different oils and fats. Each large group in the commodity structure of global trade has a corresponding dominant product - beef, soybeans, palm oil, as well as bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits and other bakers' wares. A significant increase in the quantitative volumes of total exports the main food groups from 2000 to 2024 has been demonstrated among crops, livestock and processed products. The ten largest food exporting countries in the world, traditionally led by the USA, continue to provide half of global supplies. Ukraine has also maintained its position in this ranking, being in the middle of the third ten. Over the past quarter century, the number of regional trade agreements has increased from 81 to 375, but this is not the limit. Special attention is paid to key socio-political and economic events that currently affect or will determine the situation of international sectoral trade in the near future, including the start of largest free trade agreement in history under the leadership of China, the "tariff war" of the United States, the agreement between the European Union and MERCOSUR. An assessment of the further development of world food trade was made, taking into account global challenges and the role of Ukraine as a traditional supplier against the backdrop of unprecedented force majeure caused by full-scale Russian aggression.