EFFICIENCY OF TECHNOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION OF DAIRY CATTLE FEEDING AT ENTERPRISES WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF FINANCIAL CAPACITY

Abstract

The article presents an assessment of the efficiency of the technological organization of feeding dairy cattle with feed mixtures in terms of technological groups of cows in agricultural enterprises with different levels of financial capabilities.

It is noted that in the structure of the cost of milk production, feed costs reach 60–70%, therefore, increasing the efficiency of feeding is one of the key reserves for reducing costs and increasing the profitability of the industry. It is found that the efficiency of feeding is determined by a set of conditions, among which the quality of the feed base and the technological organization of the animal feeding process are priority. It is noted that the use of TMR allows cows to be grouped into different categories on a dairy farm depending on their nutritional needs, which increases their productivity and the overall efficiency of the farm. It is argued that the choice of equipment for TMR is determined by the scale of production, type of feed base, level of automation and financial capabilities of agricultural enterprises. It is assumed that the level of financial capabilities of commodity producers largely depends on the average annual productivity of cows: as a rule, with an increase in milk yield per cow, the enterprise's financial resources for the implementation of the production process increase. A comparative analysis of the organization of dairy cattle feeding by technological groups of animals using feed mixtures at enterprises where the operations of loading, transportation, grinding, mixing of feed, their weighing and dosed distribution are comprehensively mechanized is presented. It has been established that the high level of financial capabilities of agricultural producers makes it possible to purchase more expensive equipment for feeding animals with feed mixtures, which, as a rule, is more productive and provides high-quality feeding with less fuel and labor costs.