THEORETICAL AND METHODICAL ASPECTS OF ENSURING PROFITABILITY OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

Abstract

In the context of macroeconomic instability, military actions, destruction of production and logistics infrastructure, and limited access to financial resources, ensuring stable profitability of agricultural enterprises acquires strategic importance. This article aims to analyze, systematize, and improve the existing theoretical and methodological foundations for ensuring the profitability of agricultural enterprises.

It has been determined that the profitability of agricultural enterprises is not merely the final financial outcome of economic activity, but also a key factor in economic stability, innovative development, and the long-term competitiveness of the agricultural sector. Based on findings from leading researchers, profitability is a complex economic concept that reflects an agricultural enterprise's ability to efficiently convert available resources into positive financial results, taking into account risk, seasonality, and the natural-climatic specificity of agricultural production.

The study shows that the profitability of agricultural enterprises is shaped by both internal and external factors. Internal factors include production-technological, organizational-managerial, financial-economic, personnel, and social factors that determine the endogenous formation of profitability and largely depend on the effectiveness of managerial decisions. At the same time, the efficiency of realizing an agricultural enterprise's internal potential is significantly determined by its external operating environment. External factors considered in the study include market and price conditions, natural and climatic risks, institutional and legal frameworks, and socio-ecological challenges.

The profitability of agricultural enterprises is shaped by the interaction between internal managerial mechanisms and external business conditions. Ensuring sustainable profitability requires developing a comprehensive approach that integrates strategic management, improved resource utilization efficiency, human capital development, systematic risk management, and adaptation to external environmental changes.